The Labrador Retriever, often simply called "Labrador" or "Lab", originates from Newfoundland with later development in the UK. Originally, these dogs were bred to help fishermen retrieve nets and catch escaping fish. Over time, their versatile abilities made them ideal for a variety of roles, including hunting, service, and companionship.
Characterized by a sturdy build, short coat, and an expressive face, Labradors are known for their friendly and balanced nature. Their keen intelligence and eagerness to please make them highly trainable. Available in three colours - black, yellow, and chocolate - these dogs are recognized for their loyalty and gentle disposition.
Their adaptability to various environments, coupled with their amiable character, has made the Labrador Retriever the most popular dog breed in many countries, including the United Kingdom. Whether serving as a family pet, a working dog, or a loyal companion, the Labrador continues to win hearts around the world.
Studies suggest that common health issues experienced by Labradors include outer ear infections, obesity/being overweight, Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD/osteoarthritis), periodontal (gum)disease and gastrointestinal issues.
With appropriate care many of these conditions can reduced in frequency/severity and some can be prevented entirely. Further details can be found below.
According to some studies, outer ear infections (more formally known as otitis externa) are the most common health condition seen in Labradors. They affect the external ear canal, causing discomfort and distress and may lead to more severe issues if left untreated. Typical symptoms include headshaking and/or ear scratching. Chocolate Labradors seem to be more predisposed to the condition than other colours.
Outer ear infection occurs when theexternal ear canal becomes inflamed or infected. Common causes include moistureaccumulation, debris build up, allergies, foreign objects (often grass seeds),and bacterial or yeast infections. Labradors may be particularly prone to earinfections due to having floppy ears which can trap moisture, providing anideal environment for bacterial and fungal growth. Of course, most love to swimcilitating the entry of water in the first place.
The consequences of external ear infection can range from mild irritation and itchiness to severe pain, hearing loss, and secondary infections. If left unaddressed, chronic ear infections can lead to eardrum damage or even spread to other parts of the body. In extreme cases, invasive (and expensive) surgery may be required to completely open out the ear canal.
Despite their challenges, the frequency and/or severity of ear infections can be reduced in several ways:
Owner vigilance, particularly in animals known to be prone to ear infections.
Leading to…Early identification of problems and early veterinary treatment of infections when they do occur.
Regular ear cleaning with appropriate ear cleaning solutions for dogs prone to infections – including when there is no sign of a problem.
Ear cleaning (and drying) after a Labrador’s head has been submerged in water.
Working with your vet to address any underlying allergies or sensitivities.
In conclusion, external ear infections are a common ailment in Labradors with potentially serious consequences. Diligent ear care and prompt veterinary attention can help mitigate the risk and ensure the well-being of your beloved pet.
Labrador Retrievers are well known for their friendly nature, intelligence, and playful energy. However, many owners have noticed another shared trait - they love food! Unfortunately, this can result in obesity, and there's more to it than Labradors just being "greedy".
Recent research hints at a genetic reason for their strong appetite. Some Labradors have a variation in a gene related to feeling hungry, which means they might not feel full as easily as other dogs. This can lead them to eat more than they need, resulting in weight gain.
Of course, obesity in Labradors is not just a matter of appearance – it’s also associated with several health risks. For instance, Labradors are already predisposed to developing Degenerative Joint Disease or DJD, a condition affecting their joints. Carrying extra weight can strain these joints further, making their DJD even more severe. This means that an overweight Labrador might face more pain and mobility issues than their lean counterpart.
Besides joint issues, obesity can lead to other complications such as diabetes and heart problems. It's crucial for Lab owners to be aware of the risks associated with obesity and take early action to prevent or correct it.
Managing a Labrador's weight requires a balance of proper diet and regular exercise. Portion control is essential, so it's advisable to weigh food and to feed based on your dog's age, size, and activity level. Moreover, daily walks and play sessions can help burn calories and keep your dog (and you) fit. If your Labrador is already overweight, it might be a good idea to consult your Vet for a tailored weight loss plan.
In conclusion, whilst some Labradors may have a natural inclination towards excessive eating, it's up to their owners to ensure they maintain a healthy weight. With attention to diet and exercise, these wonderful companions can lead a longer, happier, and healthier life.
Labradors are also prone joint problems, particularly Degenerative Joint Disease or DJD. DJD, also known as osteoarthritis, occurs when the cartilage in joints wears down, leading to pain and decreased mobility. Common forms of DJD seen in Labradors include elbow dysplasia and hip dysplasia.
Elbow dysplasia affects the elbow and occurs when parts of the joint don't fit together perfectly. This misalignment causes the joint to wear down faster than normal. Dogs with elbow dysplasia may limp on their front legs or show reluctance in activities that involve running or jumping.
Hip dysplasia involves a poorly fitting hip joint. The ball (at the top of the thigh bone) and socket (part of the pelvis) don't match up perfectly. Over time, this causes wear and tear on the joint. The symptoms are similar to those of elbow dysplasia, with dogs often showing discomfort in their hind legs.
The consequences of DJD are significant. As the disease progresses, dogs can experience increased pain, leading to a decrease in their quality of life. They might become less active or even have difficulty with daily activities. In severe cases, surgery might be needed e.g. a hip replacement.
It’s also worth noting that in one study, musculoskeletal problems were listed as the cause of death for 25% of Labradors. Although this may have included some animals who died of fatal musculoskeletal issues such as bone tumours, other cases are likely to have been unfortunate animals with advanced DJD who were euthanised on welfare grounds.
Whilst DJD is an inherited condition, it is still possible to take action to slow the development of the disease. Regular (but not excessive) exercise and maintaining a healthy weight are essential in managing the condition. Exercise keeps the joints flexible, while less weight means less strain on the joints. Pain-relieving medications and joint supplements can help manage discomfort. Non-surgical treatments like physical therapy can also help improve joint function.
In conclusion, while Labradors are prone to DJD and related conditions, with proper care and early detection, many of these issues can be managed conservatively, ensuring our furry friends live comfortable and happy lives for as long as possible.
Another common problem seen in Labradors is periodontal or gum disease. It starts as a build-up of plaque – a sticky film of bacteria - on a dog's teeth. If the plaque isn't cleaned off regularly, it turns into tartar, a hard substance that is difficult to remove. Over time, plaque and tartar build up can lead to gum infections.
At first, a dog with periodontal disease might just have bad breath. As the disease progresses, it can cause painful/swollen gums, tooth loss, and even spread infection to other parts of the body such as the heart and kidneys. Avoiding periodontal disease isn’t just about keeping your dog's breath fresh, it's about their overall health.
The best (and cheapest!) way to prevent periodontal disease is by brushing your Labrador's teeth regularly. Ideally this should be done daily, although two-three times a week may be sufficient. Using dog-specific toothpaste and brushes can make this process easier and more effective. (Note that you should never use human toothpastes as they often contain fluoride and/or xylitol, both of which are toxic for dogs). Toys and treats designed to help clean a dog's teeth as they chew can also be a helpful addition to regular brushing.
If your dog already has a build-up of tartar, brushing is unlikely to remove it and they may benefit from a professional cleaning. A Vet can provide this service, ensuring the tartar is removed before it causes problems. Regular veterinary check-ups can also help to spot early signs of periodontal disease, ensuring timely treatment.
In conclusion, while periodontal disease is a concern for Labradors, proactive care can keep it at bay. Regular dental care, both at home and with a Vet, ensures your lovable Lab will maintain a healthy mouth and a happy life.
Vomiting and diarrhoea
Vomiting and diarrhoea can result from a variety of causes, including dietary indiscretion (eating something inappropriate), infection and ingestion of harmful substances/objects. Less commonly it can also occur due to serious illnesses such as pancreatitis.
Besides discomfort, frequent vomiting or diarrhoea can lead to dehydration, weight loss, and other complications. Although vomiting and diarrhoea are often self-limiting, there are some cases where you should seek veterinary attention:
Puppies: Puppies are particularly prone to dehydration, and you should seek veterinary attention much sooner than you would for an adult. Seek veterinary advice immediately if a puppy can’t keep water down (this could be a symptom of a serious intestinal issue)or if there’s blood in their vomit or stool (this could be a sign of a serious infection).
Persistent symptoms: If your Labrador has been vomiting or experiencing diarrhoea for more than 24 hours, it's important to consult a Vet. Prolonged symptoms can lead to dehydration and other complications.
Foreign objects: If you know or suspect that your Labrador has ingested a foreign object, seek veterinary attention immediately - even if they seem fine. Objects can cause blockages that might not manifest symptoms right away.
Blood in vomit or stool: The presence of blood indicates a potentially serious issue that needs immediate attention. Note that dried blood can appear very dark/black/brown rather than bright red.
Dramatic changes in behaviour: If your dog becomes unusually lethargic, refuses to eat, or shows signs of pain or discomfort (like excessive whining or avoiding being touched), these could be indicators of a severe problem that needs veterinary attention.
Dehydration: If your Labrador is showing signs of dehydration – such as dry gums, sunken eyes, or reduced skin elasticity – it's crucial to get them to a vet. Dehydration can be a consequence of prolonged vomiting or diarrhoea.
Repeated attempts to vomit with no result: This can be a sign of a dangerous condition called bloat, especially if accompanied by a swollen belly. You must seek veterinary attention immediately.
Remember, it's always best to err on the side of caution. If you're unsure about your Labrador's health or symptoms, a quick consultation with your Vet can provide guidance and peace of mind.
Dietary Indiscretion and Foreign Bodies
Dietary indiscretion occurs when dogs eat things that aren't part of their regular diet, for example garbage or spoiled food. It can lead to stomach upset, vomiting, and diarrhoea. If the item consumed is toxic, it can lead to more serious illness.
Foreign bodies are (generally non-food) objects that dogs shouldn't consume, for example toys, socks, or stones. Foreign bodies can cause blockages in the digestive tract, leading to pain, vomiting, and other complications. Some require surgical removal. If you know or suspect that your Labrador has ingested a foreign object, seek veterinary care immediately, even if they seem fine. Objects can cause blockages that might not manifest symptoms right away. You should also seek immediate veterinary attention if you know or suspect that your Labrador has ingested a toxic substance.
Although not all gastrointestinal issues are preventable, some risks can be reduced. Sensible steps include:
Keeping a watchful eye on your Labrador, particularly when out and about, and taking prompt action to stop them eating anything inappropriate.
Choosing dog toys that are appropriate for your dog’s size (and so can’t be swallowed) and which can't be torn apart easily.
Making sure bins are securely closed to prevent your dog from scavenging.
Ensuring your house is ‘Labrador proof’ with toxic substances and/or dangerous objects safely locked away.
Preventing your dog from getting unintended access to food (whether yours or theirs).
